Pleuronectidae
Pleuronectidae is a family of flatfish, commonly known as right-eyed flounders or flatfishes. The family is a diverse one, with over 110 species distributed worldwide in marine waters. Members of the Pleuronectidae are characterized by their flattened bodies, which allow them to lie camouflaged on the seabed. Their eyes are located on one side of the head, which is the side they face upwards. The other side of the body, called the blind side, is often paler in color and lies against the seabed.
Characteristics
Pleuronectidae species exhibit several shared characteristics:
- Flattened body: This shape allows them to lie flat on the seafloor, camouflaged from predators and prey.
- Asymmetrical body: Their eyes are located on one side of the head, which is the side that faces upwards. The other side, which is called the blind side, is often paler in color and lies against the seabed.
- Migratory behavior: Some species of Pleuronectidae are known to migrate long distances, both seasonally and during their life cycle.
- Diverse diet: Pleuronectidae species are carnivorous and their diets vary depending on the species, ranging from small invertebrates to fish.
- Economic importance: Several species of Pleuronectidae are commercially important fish, both for food and sport fishing.
Environments
Pleuronectidae species are found in a wide range of marine environments, including:
- Coastal waters: Many species live in shallow coastal waters, often on sandy or muddy bottoms.
- Open ocean: Some species inhabit deeper waters, including the continental shelf and slope.
- Temperate and tropical waters: Pleuronectidae are found in both temperate and tropical waters, with different species adapted to specific temperature ranges.