Periophthalmus
Periophthalmus is a genus of amphibious gobies, commonly known as mudskippers. They are found in intertidal zones of mangrove swamps and mudflats in the Indo-Pacific region, from eastern Africa to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. These unique fish possess adaptations that allow them to survive and thrive in both aquatic and terrestrial environments.
Characteristics
Mudskippers are characterized by their large, protruding eyes, which are located on the top of their heads, providing them with a wide field of vision. They have a flattened body, with thick, muscular pectoral fins that they use to "walk" across mudflats. Their pelvic fins are fused into a sucker-like disc, which helps them adhere to surfaces. Their skin is covered in mucus, which helps to keep them moist while out of water.
Environments
Periophthalmus species are highly adapted to life in the intertidal zone. They are able to tolerate a wide range of salinity and temperature fluctuations. During low tide, they use their pectoral fins to move across mudflats, feeding on invertebrates and small fish. They have specialized gills that allow them to breathe air, and they can stay out of water for extended periods. When submerged, they use their tails to propel themselves through the water.
Common Names
Mudskippers are commonly known as:
- Mudskipper
- Jumping goby
- Climbing goby