Pelagiidae
The Pelagiidae are a family of jellyfish in the order Rhizostomeae. They are commonly known as fried-egg jellyfish, floating bell jellies, or disk jellies due to their distinctive appearance. The family contains 14 species in two genera, Pelagia and Chrysaora.
Characteristics
Pelagiidae jellyfish are characterized by their dome-shaped bells, which are typically flattened and can range in size from a few centimeters to several meters in diameter. The bell is often translucent and can be various colors, including red, brown, orange, pink, yellow, or white. They have a distinctive central mouth, surrounded by a ring of short, oral arms, and numerous tentacles extending from the bell margin. Pelagiidae lack the typical stinging nematocysts that other jellyfish use to capture prey. Instead, they rely on their sticky tentacles to ensnare small crustaceans and other planktonic organisms.
Habitat and Distribution
Pelagiidae jellyfish are found in a wide range of marine environments, including coastal waters, open oceans, and even estuaries. Their distribution is global, with various species inhabiting different regions of the world. They are particularly abundant in warmer waters, but some species can tolerate colder temperatures.
Ecology
Pelagiidae jellyfish play an important role in the marine ecosystem as both predators and prey. They feed on a variety of small organisms, including zooplankton, crustaceans, and fish larvae. In turn, they are preyed upon by larger fish, sea turtles, and other marine animals. Pelagiidae can also be important indicators of environmental health, as their populations can be affected by changes in water quality, temperature, and food availability.