Neophoca
Neophoca is a genus of pinnipeds that contains only one extant species, the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea). It is found only in the southern waters of Australia. The genus name, Neophoca, comes from the Greek words “neos” (meaning “new”) and “phoca” (meaning “seal”), reflecting the animal’s discovery relatively late in scientific history.
Common Names
The Australian sea lion is also commonly known as the "grey sea lion" or "Australian fur seal".
Characteristics
Australian sea lions are the largest of the true seals (family Phocidae). They are sexually dimorphic, with males significantly larger than females. Adult males can reach up to 3.5 meters in length and weigh up to 1,000 kilograms, while females are typically 2.5 meters long and weigh around 300 kilograms. Their fur is a distinctive grey color, often with a darker back and lighter underside. They have large, flipper-like forelimbs, which are used for swimming and maneuvering on land. Australian sea lions have short, thick necks and large heads, with prominent whiskers and small, black eyes. They are known for their distinctive vocalizations, which can be loud barks, growls, and whistles.
Environment
Australian sea lions inhabit the coastal waters of southern Australia, from Shark Bay in Western Australia to Kangaroo Island in South Australia. They are primarily found in rocky areas with access to sheltered beaches and caves for breeding and resting. They are highly social animals, forming large colonies on land. Their diet consists mainly of fish, squid, and octopus, which they hunt in coastal waters. Australian sea lions are excellent swimmers and can dive to depths of over 100 meters. They are also known to travel long distances, both along the coast and out to sea.