Lysiosquillidae
The Lysiosquillidae is a family of mantis shrimp, a group of predatory crustaceans known for their powerful claws. This family encompasses around 100 species, distributed globally in tropical and subtropical waters. Despite their name, mantis shrimps are not closely related to true shrimps. They are instead part of the order Stomatopoda, which includes over 400 species of mantis shrimps. The Lysiosquillidae are easily recognized by their elongated bodies, with a distinct “neck” region separating their head from the thorax. They have a pair of raptorial appendages, or “spears,” that are used to strike prey with remarkable force, and a pair of small, grasping claws, called “dactyls,” located on their second maxillipeds, or “mouth feet,” that are used to hold and manipulate food.
Common Names
Lysiosquillidae are commonly referred to as "spear-armed mantis shrimps", due to their unique weaponized appendages. This name distinguishes them from other mantis shrimps, many of which possess club-like appendages for crushing prey.
Characteristics
Lysiosquillidae exhibit several distinguishing characteristics that set them apart from other mantis shrimp families:
- Elongated body: Their bodies are significantly longer than other mantis shrimps.
- Distinct "neck": A noticeable constriction separates the head from the thorax.
- Spear-like raptorial appendages: These appendages are sharp and elongated, used to spear prey.
- Small dactyls: The second maxillipeds possess small grasping claws, used for handling food.
- Two pairs of antennae: They possess two pairs of antennae, which are important for sensing their surroundings.
- Varying coloration: Lysiosquillidae species exhibit a wide range of colors and patterns, often camouflaging them within their habitats.
Environments
Lysiosquillidae are found in a variety of marine habitats, including coral reefs, seagrass beds, and rocky shores. They prefer shallow, sheltered waters, often burrowing in the substrate to ambush prey. Some species may also be found in deeper waters.
References
For further information on Lysiosquillidae, consult the following reliable resources: