Lucinidae
Lucinidae is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks. These clams are commonly known as Lucinids or false cockles. They are characterized by their small to medium size, circular or oval shape, and often brightly colored shells. The shells are usually thin and fragile, with a smooth, glossy surface. Lucinids are found in a variety of marine environments, from shallow coastal waters to deep-sea trenches. They are often found in sandy or muddy substrates, where they burrow into the sediment to feed.
Characteristics
Lucinids are distinguished by several unique characteristics. Their shells are generally thin and smooth, with a hinge that is usually characterized by a prominent tooth on the left valve and a corresponding pit on the right valve. The interior of the shell is often nacreous (pearly), and the mantle is often brightly colored. Some species have a prominent siphonal notch in the posterior margin of the shell. Lucinids are also known for their symbiotic relationship with chemoautotrophic bacteria. These bacteria live in the gills of the clam and oxidize sulfide, providing the clam with a source of energy.
Environments
Lucinids are found in a wide range of marine environments, including:
- Intertidal zones
- Subtidal zones
- Continental shelves
- Deep-sea trenches
They are particularly common in areas with high concentrations of organic matter, such as estuaries and bays.