Lobophylliidae
Lobophylliidae is a family of stony corals in the order Scleractinia. They are commonly known as “brain corals” due to their distinctive brain-like surface pattern. Lobophylliids are distinguished by their massive, dome-shaped or columnar colonies, often with intricate grooves and ridges. They are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, inhabiting shallow reef environments. These corals play an important role in coral reef ecosystems, providing habitat and food for various marine organisms.
Characteristics
Lobophylliids possess several key characteristics that distinguish them from other coral families. These include:
- Colonial polyps: Lobophylliids form colonies composed of numerous individual polyps, each with a ring of tentacles surrounding a central mouth.
- Massive, dome-shaped or columnar colonies: Their colonies typically grow into massive, dome-shaped structures or upright columns.
- Brain-like surface pattern: The most striking feature of Lobophylliids is their intricate, brain-like surface pattern formed by interconnected grooves and ridges.
- Thick, robust corallites: Their individual coral skeletons (corallites) are thick and robust, contributing to the solidity of their colonies.
- Extensive gastrovascular cavity: Like other corals, they have a complex gastrovascular cavity that allows for efficient nutrient distribution within the colony.
- Zooxanthellae symbiosis: Lobophylliids form a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae called zooxanthellae, which live within their tissues. This symbiosis provides the corals with a source of nutrition and energy.
Environments
Lobophylliids are primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. They inhabit shallow reef environments, typically occurring in areas with strong wave action or currents. Their thick, robust colonies can withstand the harsh conditions of these environments. Lobophylliids are also known to tolerate moderate levels of sedimentation and pollution.
Common Names
Lobophylliids are commonly referred to as "brain corals" due to their distinctive brain-like surface pattern. Some species may have additional common names depending on their location or specific morphology.
References
For more information about Lobophylliidae, refer to these reliable sources: