Lichinales

Lichinales is an order of fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. It includes about 500 species, all of which are lichenized, meaning they live in a symbiotic relationship with algae or cyanobacteria. Lichinales are primarily found in terrestrial habitats, but some species can also be found in marine environments. They are characterized by their distinctive apothecia, which are fruiting bodies that contain spores. The apothecia of Lichinales are typically disc-shaped and have a distinctive margin. Lichinales are an important component of many ecosystems, particularly in alpine and arctic regions. They play a role in nutrient cycling and soil formation.

Lichina confinis

Common Names

Lichinales are often referred to as "lichenized fungi." However, they do not have a common name that specifically refers to the order itself.

Characteristics

Lichinales are characterized by the following features:

  • Lichenized fungi
  • Disc-shaped apothecia with a distinctive margin
  • Asci typically cylindrical or clavate
  • Spores hyaline or brown, typically ellipsoid or fusiform
  • Thallus crustose, foliose, or fruticose

Environments

Lichinales are found in a variety of habitats, including:

  • Forests
  • Alpine and arctic regions
  • Rocks and soil
  • Marine environments (some species)

References

For more information about Lichinales, see the following references: