Hydnophora
Hydnophora is a genus of stony corals in the family Merulinidae. They are commonly referred to as “tooth corals” due to their distinctive, tooth-like projections on their surface. This genus is known for its branching or massive growth forms and its intricate, often colorful skeletal structures.
Characteristics
Hydnophora corals are characterized by their robust, branching or massive skeletons, which are often adorned with numerous, tooth-like projections called "costate teeth" or "costulae." These teeth are arranged in rows and can be quite sharp. The color of Hydnophora corals can vary depending on the species and the environment, but they are often found in shades of brown, green, orange, and yellow.
Environments
Hydnophora corals are primarily found in the Indo-Pacific region, ranging from the Red Sea to the Great Barrier Reef. They prefer shallow, reef environments with strong water currents and good light penetration. These corals are often found on the reef slope, growing in protected areas such as caves and overhangs. Some species are known to inhabit deeper water, even reaching depths of 50 meters.
Species
The genus Hydnophora includes several species, some of the most common being:
- Hydnophora exesa (the "branching tooth coral")
- Hydnophora microconos (the "knobbed tooth coral")
- Hydnophora rigida (the "rigid tooth coral")
- Hydnophora pilosa (the "hairy tooth coral")
References
World Register of Marine Species
Australian Institute of Marine Science