Holozoidae
The Holozoidae are a family of marine sponges belonging to the order Hadromerida. These sponges are characterized by their simple, sac-like structure and the presence of spicules, which are microscopic, needle-like structures that provide support. Holozoiid sponges are typically found in shallow marine environments, often attached to rocks, coral reefs, or other hard surfaces. They are filter feeders, drawing in water through pores in their body wall and filtering out food particles.
Common Names
Holozoiid sponges are not commonly referred to by specific common names. They are often simply referred to as "sponges" or "marine sponges."
Characteristics
The defining characteristics of Holozoidae include:
- Simple, sac-like body structure
- Presence of megascleres, which are large, needle-like spicules
- Absence of microscleres, which are smaller, more complex spicules
- Presence of a single osculum, which is the main opening through which water exits the sponge
- Often have a thin, smooth outer surface
- Typically small in size, with most species reaching a maximum diameter of a few centimeters
Environments
Holozoiid sponges are found in a variety of marine environments, but they are most commonly found in:
- Shallow coastal waters
- Coral reefs
- Rocky shores
- Intertidal zones
References
For more information on Holozoidae, consult the following references: