Heterodontus

Heterodontus is a genus of sharks belonging to the order Heterodontiformes, commonly known as bullhead sharks. They are characterized by their unique dentition, with both pointed and flattened teeth, which allow them to crush hard-shelled prey. These sharks are found in the coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific region, typically inhabiting rocky reefs and seagrass beds.

Common Names

Bullhead sharks are known by various common names depending on the specific species. Some common names include:

  • Bullhead shark
  • Port Jackson shark
  • Spotted bullhead
  • Gummy shark

Characteristics

Heterodontus species share several distinctive characteristics:

  • Size: Bullhead sharks are relatively small sharks, ranging from 60 to 150 cm in length.
  • Shape: They have a stocky, robust body with a broad, flattened head and a short, blunt snout. Their eyes are small and located on top of the head.
  • Dentition: The most notable feature of bullhead sharks is their heterodont dentition, with different types of teeth designed for specific functions. They possess pointed teeth for grabbing prey and flattened teeth for crushing shells.
  • Coloration: Bullhead sharks display a range of color patterns, from brown to gray with white spots or blotches.
  • Behavior: These sharks are generally solitary and nocturnal, spending much of their time resting on the seabed during the day. They are opportunistic feeders, preying on crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish.

Environments

Bullhead sharks inhabit coastal waters, primarily in the Indo-Pacific region. They are commonly found in rocky reefs, seagrass beds, and sandy bottoms, preferring depths ranging from a few meters to over 100 meters.

References

For more information on Heterodontus, you can refer to these resources: