Harmothoe
Harmothoe is a genus of marine polychaete worms belonging to the family Polynoidae, commonly known as scale worms. They are characterized by their flattened bodies, segmented bodies, and numerous pairs of elytra (scale-like structures) that cover their dorsal surface. Harmothoe species are found in a variety of marine habitats worldwide, from shallow coastal waters to deep-sea environments.
Common Names
Common names for Harmothoe species include scale worms, bristle worms, and sea mice. The name "scale worm" is derived from the elytra that cover their bodies, giving them a scaly appearance.
Characteristics
Harmothoe species share several key characteristics:
- Body Shape: Flattened, segmented, and elongated.
- Elytra: Numerous pairs of scale-like structures (elytra) covering the dorsal surface. These scales can be various shapes, sizes, and colors, depending on the species.
- Parapodia: Paired appendages on each body segment, bearing bristles (setae) used for locomotion and defense.
- Head: Distinctive head with antennae, palps, and eyes.
- Size: Most Harmothoe species range from a few millimeters to several centimeters in length.
Environments
Harmothoe species are found in a variety of marine habitats worldwide, including:
- Intertidal Zones: Found in rocky shores, tide pools, and under seaweed.
- Subtidal Zones: Inhabiting deeper waters, from shallow reefs to deeper ocean floors.
- Coral Reefs: Living among corals and other invertebrates.
- Deep Sea: Some species are found in the abyssal depths.
References
For further information on Harmothoe, consult the following reliable references: