Haemulon
Haemulon is a genus of marine fish in the family Haemulidae, commonly known as grunts. These fish are found in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, and the Eastern Pacific Ocean. The genus comprises approximately 30 recognized species, all characterized by their distinctive grunting sound produced by the vibration of their swim bladder.
Characteristics
Haemulon species are typically characterized by their elongated, compressed bodies with a slightly pointed snout. They have a single dorsal fin with a distinct notch separating the spiny and soft-rayed portions. Their coloration can vary depending on the species, ranging from silvery to reddish-brown with markings and patterns.
Grunts are primarily nocturnal feeders, using their strong jaws to crush hard-shelled invertebrates such as crabs, mollusks, and sea urchins. They also feed on small fish and algae.
Environment
Haemulon species are primarily found in coastal habitats, including reefs, seagrass beds, and sandy bottoms. They prefer shallow, clear waters with a high density of benthic invertebrates. Some species are known to form large schools, while others are more solitary.
References
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