Gerreidae
Gerreidae is a family of perciform fish commonly known as mojarras, silver biddies, or whiptail breams. This family comprises about 65 species distributed in tropical and subtropical waters around the world. They are typically found in coastal areas, estuaries, and mangrove swamps, often inhabiting sandy or muddy bottoms.
Characteristics
Gerreidae species are characterized by their laterally compressed, elongate bodies, typically measuring between 10 and 40 centimeters in length. They have a single dorsal fin with 9-11 spines and 8-11 soft rays, an anal fin with 3 spines and 7-10 soft rays, and a forked caudal fin. Mojarras are known for their distinctive, elongated snouts with small mouths, containing numerous teeth. Some species possess barbels, small fleshy appendages near the mouth, which are believed to aid in locating food.
Environment
Gerreidae species are highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of habitats, including:
- Coastal areas with sandy or muddy bottoms
- Estuaries, where freshwater and saltwater mix
- Mangrove swamps, providing shelter and food sources
- Seagrass beds, offering both food and protection
Diet
Mojarras are omnivores, feeding on a variety of organisms such as:
- Small invertebrates, including worms, crustaceans, and insects
- Algae and detritus
- Plankton
Reproduction
Gerreidae species are generally oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. They typically spawn in shallow water, often near the coast or in estuaries. The eggs are often pelagic, meaning they float in the water column until they hatch. Juvenile mojarras often inhabit nursery areas, such as mangroves or seagrass beds, where they find protection and abundant food sources.
Economic Importance
Gerreidae species have some economic importance as a food source in some regions. They are often caught using gillnets, seines, or traps. Mojarras are also popular in recreational fishing, particularly in areas where they are abundant.
References