Etmopterus
Etmopterus is a genus of deep-sea sharks belonging to the family Etmopteridae, commonly known as lantern sharks. This genus comprises around 40 species, many of which are found in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. They are characterized by their small size, slender bodies, and the presence of photophores, light-producing organs, scattered over their skin. These bioluminescent organs play a crucial role in their survival, aiding in communication, camouflage, and attracting prey.
Common Names
Lantern sharks are also known as velvet belly sharks or black belly sharks, reflecting their distinctive dark coloration. Their common names often refer to their specific location or distinctive features, such as the "dwarf lanternshark" (Etmopterus perryi) or the "longnose lanternshark" (Etmopterus granulosus).
Characteristics
Etmopterus sharks exhibit several distinctive features that set them apart from other shark species:
- Size: They are generally small sharks, ranging in size from 20 to 100 cm in length.
- Body Shape: They have slender, elongated bodies with a pointed snout.
- Coloration: They are typically dark brown or black in color, often with lighter patches or markings.
- Photophores: These light-producing organs are scattered over their skin, especially on the belly and flanks.
- Teeth: They have small, sharp teeth adapted for catching and consuming small prey.
Environment
Lantern sharks are primarily found in deep-sea environments, inhabiting depths ranging from 200 to 2,500 meters. They prefer cool, oxygen-rich waters and often associate with the continental slopes and seamounts. Their bioluminescent photophores likely play a crucial role in their adaptation to these dark, oxygen-poor environments.
References
For further information on the genus Etmopterus, consult the following reliable resources: