Etmopteridae

Common Names

The most common name for sharks in this family is lantern sharks. However, some species may also be referred to as dwarf lanternsharks, pygmy lanternsharks, or simply lanternsharks.

Characteristics

Etmopteridae species share a number of distinctive characteristics that distinguish them from other shark families. These include:

• Photophores: The presence of photophores is the most striking feature of lantern sharks. These light-producing organs are distributed in patterns across the body, particularly on the belly, flanks, and head. The exact function of these photophores is not fully understood, but they are thought to play a role in camouflage, communication, and attracting prey.
• Slender Body: Lantern sharks have a slender, elongated body, often with a pronounced snout. This shape helps them navigate through narrow spaces and pursue agile prey.
• Small Mouth: The mouth of lantern sharks is small and located at the tip of the snout. They have rows of small, pointed teeth, adapted for capturing small fish, squid, and crustaceans.
• Two Dorsal Fins: Like most sharks, they possess two dorsal fins, but in some species, the second dorsal fin is significantly smaller than the first.
• Anal Fin: Most lantern sharks have a distinct anal fin.

Environments

Lantern sharks are found in all the world's oceans, from tropical to polar waters. They are particularly abundant in deep-water environments, inhabiting depths ranging from the surface to the abyssal zone. Their adaptability to different depths is attributed to their ability to regulate buoyancy and their specialized photophores, which help them navigate in dimly lit environments.

References

For further information, refer to the following resources:

• FishBase - Etmopteridae
• WoRMS - Etmopteridae
• Shark References - Etmopteridae