Eriphiidae
Eriphiidae is a family of crabs, commonly known as the river crabs or fiddler crabs. This family is part of the infraorder Brachyura, which encompasses a diverse group of decapod crustaceans. These crabs are found primarily in freshwater habitats, particularly in rivers and streams, though some species are found in brackish water environments. They are distributed throughout the world, with a high concentration in tropical and subtropical regions.
Characteristics
Eriphiid crabs are characterized by a number of distinctive features:
- Carapace: Typically broad and flattened, with a smooth or slightly granular surface.
- Abdomen: Reduced and tucked under the thorax.
- Eyes: Prominent and located on stalks.
- Chelipeds: Large and robust, with one claw significantly larger than the other (in males). This larger claw is used for courtship displays and territorial defense.
- Walking legs: Four pairs of walking legs, adapted for locomotion and climbing.
- Respiratory system: Possess gills for respiration in aquatic environments.
Environments
Eriphiid crabs are typically found in freshwater habitats, including rivers, streams, lakes, and marshes. They often prefer areas with vegetation, rocks, or debris, which provide shelter and camouflage. Some species can tolerate brackish water conditions, and a few are found in coastal areas. Eriphiid crabs are generally benthic organisms, meaning they live on the bottom of their habitat.
References
For more detailed information about Eriphiidae, refer to the following reliable sources: