Dorididae
Dorididae is a family of sea slugs, commonly known as dorids, belonging to the order Nudibranchia. These colorful, soft-bodied mollusks are found in a wide variety of marine habitats around the world, from shallow intertidal zones to deep sea environments. Dorididae are characterized by their distinctive external gills, which are located on the dorsal (back) surface of the body, and their lack of a shell.
Common Names
Dorids are commonly referred to as "sea slugs," "nudibranchs," or simply "dorids." Some species may have specific common names, such as the "Spanish dancer" (Hexabranchus sanguineus).
Characteristics
Dorididae exhibit a range of characteristics that distinguish them from other nudibranch families:
- External Gills: Dorids possess prominent, feathery gills that are located on the back of their body. These gills are used for respiration and are often brightly colored.
- Lack of Shell: Unlike many other mollusks, dorids lack a shell for protection. Instead, they rely on camouflage, chemical defenses, and their ability to regenerate lost body parts.
- Rhinophores: Dorids have a pair of sensory tentacles called rhinophores located on their head. These rhinophores are used to detect food and navigate the environment.
- Mantle: The body of a dorid is covered by a fleshy mantle that can be smooth or wrinkled, depending on the species.
- Diet: Most dorids are carnivores and feed on sponges, algae, and other invertebrates.
- Chemical Defenses: Some dorids produce toxins that are stored in their tissues, making them unpalatable to predators. These toxins are often acquired from their prey.
- Diversity of Colors and Patterns: Dorids exhibit a remarkable diversity of colors and patterns, ranging from vibrant blues and greens to subtle browns and grays. This diversity is often used for camouflage or to attract mates.
Environments
Dorididae are found in a wide range of marine environments, including:
- Intertidal Zones: Dorids can be found in shallow coastal waters, often clinging to rocks, seaweeds, and sponges.
- Subtidal Zones: They are also common in deeper waters, extending down to depths of hundreds of meters.
- Coral Reefs: Dorids are abundant on coral reefs, where they play a vital role in the ecosystem by consuming sponges and other invertebrates.
References
For further information on Dorididae, consult the following reliable sources: