Dermochelyidae

Dermochelyidae is a family of sea turtles that comprises a single living species, the leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). The family is characterized by several unique features, including a lack of a bony shell, a streamlined body shape, and a distinctive leathery carapace. This family represents the most ancient lineage of sea turtles, and its members have a long evolutionary history dating back to the Cretaceous period.

Leatherback sea turtle – Dermochelys coriacea

Common Names

The Dermochelyidae family is commonly known as the leatherback sea turtles, a name derived from the unique leathery texture of their carapace.

Characteristics

Dermochelyidae exhibit several distinctive characteristics that set them apart from other sea turtle families. These include:

  • Lack of a bony shell: Unlike other sea turtles, Dermochelyidae possess a leathery carapace, composed of a network of tough collagen fibers and small bony plates embedded within. This adaptation allows for greater flexibility and streamlining in the water.
  • Streamlined body shape: The family's streamlined body shape helps reduce drag while swimming and allows for efficient locomotion through the water.
  • Large size: Leatherback sea turtles are the largest living sea turtles and among the largest reptiles in the world, reaching up to 2.7 meters in length and weighing over 900 kg.
  • Distinctive leathery carapace: The carapace of Dermochelyidae has a distinctive leathery texture, characterized by a series of seven longitudinal ridges or keels running along its dorsal surface.
  • Powerful flippers: Their powerful flippers, adapted for swimming, are uniquely shaped for efficient propulsion through the water.

Environments

Dermochelyidae have a global distribution and are found in all oceans, with a preference for temperate and tropical waters. Their migratory patterns are extensive, with individuals traveling thousands of kilometers across oceans. Leatherback sea turtles are often found in areas with high productivity, such as areas of upwelling or where jellyfish populations are abundant.

References

For further information on Dermochelyidae, refer to the following websites: