Crangon
Crangon is a genus of shrimp in the family Crangonidae. They are commonly known as “brown shrimp”, “sand shrimp”, or “common shrimp”. These are small, burrowing shrimp found in coastal waters worldwide. Crangon species are of significant ecological and commercial importance, serving as prey for many fish and marine mammals and as a valuable fishery resource.
Characteristics
Members of the genus Crangon are characterized by their elongated, laterally compressed bodies, with a distinct rostrum (beak-like projection on the head). Their bodies are typically 2-5 cm in length and have a mottled, brownish-grey color. The antennae are long and slender, and the abdomen has five pairs of swimmerets (pleopods). Crangon species are highly adapted to a burrowing lifestyle, having stout, paddle-like pereiopods (walking legs) designed for digging in sandy or muddy bottoms.
Environment
Crangon shrimp are found in shallow, coastal waters, typically in sandy or muddy bottoms. They prefer areas with high concentrations of organic matter and moderate to high salinity. They can be found in both intertidal and subtidal zones, and are often abundant in estuaries and bays.
Ecology
Crangon species play a crucial role in marine ecosystems. They are an important food source for a wide range of predators, including fish, birds, and marine mammals. As benthic feeders, they help to regulate the abundance of benthic organisms, contributing to the overall health of the ecosystem. Their burrowing behavior also helps to aerate and mix the sediment, promoting nutrient cycling.
Commercial Importance
Several Crangon species, particularly Crangon crangon (Common shrimp), are commercially valuable as a source of seafood. They are typically caught using trawling methods and sold fresh, frozen, or processed into various products like shrimp paste.
Species
The genus Crangon includes several species, some of the most notable include:
- Crangon crangon (Common shrimp)
- Crangon franciscorum (Pacific sand shrimp)
- Crangon septemspinosa (Seven-spined shrimp)
References
For more information on the genus Crangon, refer to the following resources: