Chiton
Chitons are marine mollusks belonging to the class Polyplacophora, commonly known as “sea cradles” or “coat-of-mail shells”. These fascinating creatures are characterized by their eight overlapping dorsal plates, or valves, that cover their soft bodies, resembling a suit of armor. Chitons are found in a wide range of marine environments, from intertidal zones to deep waters, clinging to rocks and other hard surfaces. They play an important role in marine ecosystems, grazing on algae and contributing to the balance of the food web.
Characteristics
Chitons exhibit a unique morphology that distinguishes them from other mollusks. Their most prominent feature is their eight articulated plates, known as valves, which are embedded in a fleshy girdle. This girdle is covered in a fringe of bristles, called spicules, that aid in gripping the substrate and protecting the animal from predators. The valves are made of calcium carbonate and have a distinct structure that varies depending on the species. Chitons also have a radula, a tongue-like structure covered in rows of teeth, which they use to scrape algae off surfaces.
Environments
Chitons are found in a diverse range of marine habitats worldwide, including:
- Intertidal zones: These are areas that are exposed to air during low tide and submerged during high tide. Chitons thrive in these rocky environments, clinging tightly to rocks and crevices.
- Subtidal zones: These zones are permanently submerged and extend beyond the intertidal zone. Chitons can be found in deeper waters, up to several hundred meters deep, depending on the species.
- Tropical and temperate waters: Chitons have a global distribution, inhabiting both tropical and temperate waters, with the highest diversity found in the Indo-Pacific region.
References
For further information on chitons, please refer to these reliable sources: