Chirostylidae
The Chirostylidae are a family of squat lobsters, decapod crustaceans that are found in the deep sea. They are characterized by their unusual morphology, with elongated, spiny appendages and a flattened body. This family is further divided into five genera, with approximately 20 species, most of which are undescribed.
Common Names
Chirostylids are commonly known as "spiny lobsters" due to their prominent, sharp spines. They are also sometimes called "deep-sea lobsters" or "yeti crabs," though the latter term is more commonly used for the closely related Kiwaidae.
Characteristics
Chirostylids have a number of distinguishing features:
- Elongated, Spiny Appendages: Their legs and antennae are remarkably long and covered in sharp spines, giving them their characteristic spiny appearance.
- Flattened Body: Their bodies are flattened dorsoventrally, allowing them to move easily within narrow crevices and under rocks.
- Small Eyes: Chirostylids have small, rudimentary eyes, reflecting their adaptation to deep-sea environments with little light.
- Setae on Appendages: The appendages, particularly the legs, are often covered in dense, hair-like setae that are thought to aid in capturing prey or filtering food particles from the water.
- Chelipeds: Their chelipeds (claws) are usually smaller than those of other squat lobsters, but are still quite powerful.
Environment
Chirostylids are found in the deep sea, typically at depths of 1000 meters or more. They prefer habitats with rocky substrates, where they can find shelter and forage for food. Their ability to withstand the high pressures and low temperatures of the deep sea makes them particularly well-adapted to this extreme environment.
References
WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species
ResearchGate - Chirostylidae