Centrarchiformes
Centrarchiformes is an order of freshwater fish that comprises about 300 species in nine families. These fish are commonly known as sunfishes, bass, crappies, and other related species. They are found primarily in North America, with a few species extending into Central America, South America, and Asia. Centrarchiformes are popular sport fish, and many species are also important components of the recreational fishing industry.
Characteristics
Centrarchiformes are characterized by a variety of features that distinguish them from other fish orders. These include:
- A compressed body shape
- A single dorsal fin, often with a spiny anterior portion and a soft-rayed posterior portion
- A single anal fin with a spiny anterior portion
- A well-developed lateral line
- A cycloid or ctenoid scale pattern
- A protrusible mouth with teeth in both jaws
- A swim bladder that is connected to the esophagus
- A wide variety of coloration patterns
Environments
Centrarchiformes are found in a variety of freshwater habitats, including lakes, rivers, ponds, and streams. They prefer clear, well-oxygenated waters with abundant vegetation and rocky or sandy bottoms. Some species are tolerant of polluted waters, while others are more sensitive to environmental changes.
Families
Centrarchiformes are divided into nine families, each with its own unique characteristics and species. These families are:
- Centrarchidae (Sunfishes)
- Percidae (Perches)
- Sciaenidae (Drums)
- Moronidae (White Perches)
- Elassomatidae (Pygmy Sunfishes)
- Cichlidae (Cichlids)
- Pomacentridae (Damselfishes)
- Labridae (Wrasses)
- Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
References
For more information on Centrarchiformes, consult the following resources: