Callipallenidae

Callipallenidae is a family of pycnogonids, commonly known as sea spiders. They are a diverse group with over 100 species, found in a variety of marine environments around the world. Callipallenidae are characterized by their long, slender legs and small, compact bodies. They are typically found on the seabed, often associated with sponges, bryozoans, and other invertebrates.

Stylopallene tubirostris

Stylopallene cheilorhynchus

Yellow Kneed Sea Spider – Pallenella harrisi

Yellow Sea Spider, Ambiguous Sea Spider – Pallenella ambigua

Common Names

Callipallenidae are commonly referred to as "sea spiders," a name that is also used for the entire order Pycnogonida. Other common names include "sea scorpions" and "sea-spiders."

Characteristics

Callipallenidae are distinguished by several key characteristics, including:

  • Long, slender legs: They have 8 legs, which are significantly longer than their body length.
  • Small, compact bodies: Their bodies are relatively small and compressed.
  • Proboscis: They have a long, flexible proboscis, which they use to feed.
  • Chelicerae: They have a pair of chelicerae, which are small, claw-like appendages located near the mouth.
  • Ovipositor: Female Callipallenidae possess an ovipositor, a specialized appendage used to lay eggs.

Environments

Callipallenidae are found in a variety of marine environments, including:

  • Intertidal zones: They can be found in shallow waters, where they are exposed to the air during low tide.
  • Subtidal zones: They are also found in deeper waters, often on the seabed.
  • Coral reefs: Some species are found in coral reefs, where they may associate with corals or other invertebrates.

References

For further information about Callipallenidae, consult the following resources: