Bernardpora
Bernardpora is a genus of hydrozoans belonging to the family Milleporidae. These colonial organisms are commonly referred to as fire corals due to the painful stings they can inflict on unsuspecting swimmers. The genus is characterized by its distinctive polyp structure and the presence of a calcareous skeleton, which gives it a stony appearance.
Characteristics
Bernardpora colonies are typically encrusting or branching in form. They possess two types of polyps: gastrozooids, which are responsible for feeding, and dactylozooids, which serve as defense mechanisms. Gastrozooids have a central mouth surrounded by tentacles, while dactylozooids are smaller and possess stinging nematocysts. The calcareous skeleton is composed of interconnected tubes that house the polyps. It can be white, cream, or brown in color.
Environments
Fire corals are primarily found in tropical and subtropical waters. They prefer shallow, clear environments with strong currents and abundant sunlight. Bernardpora species are often associated with coral reefs, rocky shores, and shipwrecks.