Bembicium
Bembicium is a genus of small, intertidal marine snails, belonging to the family Littorinidae, commonly known as periwinkles. These snails are found in the intertidal zone of rocky shores, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere, and are adapted to the harsh conditions of this environment.
Common Names
Bembicium snails are commonly known as "black periwinkles" or "black turban snails" due to their dark, often black, shell color.
Characteristics
Bembicium species have distinctive characteristics that set them apart from other periwinkles:
- Shell: Typically small and conical, with a prominent spire and a relatively wide aperture. The shell color can vary from dark brown to black, often with a rough, pitted surface.
- Operculum: A hard, calcareous structure that acts as a lid to seal the aperture of the shell, protecting the snail from predators and desiccation.
- Habitat: They inhabit the intertidal zone, often clinging to rocks and algae in exposed areas.
- Diet: Herbivores, feeding primarily on algae and other marine plant matter.
Environments
Bembicium snails are found throughout the intertidal zone of rocky shores, from the high tide mark to the low tide mark. They are particularly common in areas with strong wave action and exposure to air. Their ability to tolerate desiccation and temperature fluctuations allows them to thrive in these harsh environments.
References
World Register of Marine Species
Diversity and Distribution of Intertidal Littorinid Snails in Australia