Atys

Atys is a genus of small, air-breathing sea slugs, classified as sacoglossan sea slugs, commonly known as “sap-sucking slugs”. These gastropods are found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world, inhabiting intertidal zones and shallow reefs. They are distinguished by their unique feeding habits and their ability to photosynthesize.

Variably Banded Bubble, Striated Bubble – Atys semistriatus

Characteristics

Atys species are typically oval-shaped and translucent, often displaying vibrant colors or patterns. They have a distinct, elongated head with two prominent rhinophores, sensory organs used to detect food and their surroundings. Their bodies are covered in a thin layer of mucus, providing protection and helping them adhere to surfaces. A distinctive feature of Atys is their specialized "stilett", a sharp, pointed structure used to puncture the cell walls of their algal prey.

Feeding

Atys are herbivores, feeding exclusively on algae, primarily species of Vaucheria. They use their stiletto to pierce the algal cells, extracting their chloroplasts. These chloroplasts are then incorporated into the sea slug's own cells, a process known as kleptoplasty. This allows Atys to photosynthesize, supplementing their diet and providing them with additional energy.

Environments

Atys species can be found in a variety of marine environments, including:

  • Intertidal zones: These slugs can tolerate exposure to air during low tides.
  • Shallow reefs: They inhabit areas with abundant algae growth.
  • Seagrass beds: Some Atys species can be found in association with seagrass meadows.

Reproduction

Atys are hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. However, they typically engage in cross-fertilization, exchanging sperm with other individuals. They lay their eggs in gelatinous masses, often attached to algae or other substrates.

Notable Species

Some notable species within the genus Atys include:

  • Atys cylindrica: Found in the tropical Indo-Pacific region.
  • Atys crenata: Commonly found in the Caribbean Sea.
  • Atys pharaonis: A species known for its vibrant yellow and orange coloration.

References

For further information about Atys species, you can consult the following online resources: