Atheriniformes
Atheriniformes is an order of ray-finned fishes that includes silversides, needlefishes, halfbeaks, and their relatives. The order comprises about 240 species in 38 genera, and is found in both marine and freshwater habitats. These fish are generally small, with elongated bodies and silvery scales. Many species are important components of coastal ecosystems and are also popular food fish in some regions.
Common Names
Members of Atheriniformes are known by a variety of common names, including silversides, needlefishes, halfbeaks, and grunion. These names reflect the distinctive features of the different families within the order.
Characteristics
Atheriniformes exhibit a range of characteristics that distinguish them from other fish orders. These include:
- Elongated, fusiform body shape
- Silvery scales
- A single dorsal fin
- Pelvic fins located in the abdominal region
- A protractile mouth
Some families, like the needlefishes and halfbeaks, have further specialized features, such as long, pointed jaws or a lower jaw that extends beyond the upper jaw.
Environment
Atheriniformes are found in a wide range of environments, both marine and freshwater. They are particularly abundant in coastal waters, estuaries, and lagoons. Some species are even found in inland lakes and rivers. Their adaptability to different salinities and water temperatures contributes to their widespread distribution.