Arenicolidae
The Arenicolidae, commonly known as lugworms or sandworms, are a family of marine polychaete worms in the order Terebellida. These burrowing worms are found in intertidal and subtidal zones worldwide, playing a significant role in the ecosystem as sediment bioturbators.
Common Names
The family Arenicolidae includes various species commonly known as lugworms or sandworms. Some of the most well-known species include:
- Arenicola marina (common lugworm)
- Arenicola claparedei (Mediterranean lugworm)
- Abarenicola pacifica (Pacific lugworm)
Characteristics
Arenicolids are characterized by their distinctive U-shaped burrows in the sediment. Their bodies are cylindrical and segmented, typically ranging from 5 to 20 centimeters in length. They have a distinct head with tentacles and a pair of palps used for feeding. Their color can vary depending on the species and the surrounding environment, ranging from brown to reddish-purple.
The most notable feature of these worms is their ability to ingest large amounts of sediment, extracting organic matter and depositing waste in the form of castings. These castings are visible on the surface of the intertidal zone, indicating the presence of lugworms.
Environments
Arenicolidae inhabit a variety of marine environments, including intertidal mudflats, sandflats, and subtidal zones. They prefer soft sediments with high organic content, where they can easily burrow and access food. Some species, like Arenicola marina, are highly tolerant of low oxygen conditions and can survive in sediment with limited oxygen levels.
References
For further information about Arenicolidae, you can consult the following resources:
- PubMed for scientific publications on Arenicolidae.
- World Register of Marine Species for taxonomic information and species lists.
- Wikipedia for a comprehensive overview of Arenicolidae.