Arctocephalus

Arctocephalus is a genus of eared seals in the family Otariidae. The genus includes seven species, commonly known as “fur seals,” distinguished by their dense, soft underfur, which was historically harvested for clothing. These seals are found in the Southern Hemisphere, with a few species venturing into the Northern Hemisphere.

Cape Fur Seals – Arctocephalus pusillus

Arctocephalus philippii

Antarctic Fur Seal – Arctocephalus gazella

Arctocephalus tropicalis

Arctocephalus australis

Arctocephalus galapagoensis

Common Names

The common names for Arctocephalus species vary depending on the species and location. They are often referred to as "fur seals" or "eared seals," but may also have more specific names such as:

  • South American fur seal (Arctocephalus australis)
  • New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri)
  • Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus)
  • Subantarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus tropicalis)
  • Guadalupe fur seal (Arctocephalus townsendi)
  • Galapagos fur seal (Arctocephalus galapagoensis)
  • Juan Fernandez fur seal (Arctocephalus philippii)

Characteristics

Arctocephalus species share several common characteristics:

  • Ears: They possess external ear flaps, unlike true seals (Phocidae).
  • Fur: They have a dense, soft underfur, which is particularly prominent in males.
  • Size: They are medium-sized seals, with males typically larger than females.
  • Diet: They are carnivorous, feeding primarily on fish, squid, and crustaceans.
  • Social Behavior: They are highly social animals, congregating in large colonies for breeding and pupping.

Environments

Arctocephalus species are found in a variety of marine environments, including:

  • Coastal waters: They prefer to inhabit coastal waters, especially near rocky islands or headlands.
  • Temperate and subtropical regions: They are most abundant in temperate and subtropical regions of the Southern Hemisphere.
  • Open ocean: Some species, like the Subantarctic fur seal, may venture into the open ocean for foraging.

References

For further information on Arctocephalus, please refer to these reliable sources: