Aploactinidae
Aploactinidae is a family of marine fish commonly known as sandperches or sandfishes. They are found in the Indo-Pacific region, with a few species extending into the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. These fish are generally small in size, with most species measuring less than 20 cm in length. They are characterized by their elongated bodies, flattened heads, and large, forward-facing mouths. Their color patterns often blend in with the sandy or rocky bottoms where they live, making them difficult to spot.
Characteristics
Members of the Aploactinidae family possess a number of distinctive characteristics that distinguish them from other fish families. These features include:
- Elongated bodies, often with a compressed or slightly flattened profile.
- Large, forward-facing mouths equipped with numerous small, pointed teeth.
- Small, widely spaced eyes positioned on the top of the head.
- One dorsal fin with a spiny anterior section and a soft-rayed posterior section.
- Two separate anal fins, the first with one to three spines and the second with soft rays.
- A distinct lateral line running along the side of the body.
- A pelvic fin located on the chest, usually with one spine and five soft rays.
- Scales that are generally small and cycloid (smooth, rounded scales).
Environment
Sandperches are predominantly found in coastal waters, inhabiting sandy or rocky bottoms in shallow to moderate depths. They are often found in areas with moderate currents and abundant invertebrate prey. Some species may also be found in estuaries and lagoons. Their cryptic coloration and ability to burrow into the sediment provide excellent camouflage, helping them evade predators and ambush prey.
Diet
Aploactinidae fish are primarily carnivorous, feeding on a variety of small invertebrates, including crustaceans, polychaetes, and mollusks. Their large mouths and pointed teeth are well-suited for capturing and consuming these prey items.
Reproduction
Sandperches are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. Their reproductive habits are not well-studied, but it is believed that they spawn in shallow water and the eggs are pelagic, meaning they drift freely in the water column until hatching.
Classification
The Aploactinidae family is currently recognized as containing 23 species distributed among 9 genera. This family is further classified within the order Perciformes, a diverse and large group of fish that includes a wide variety of species, including perch, bass, and wrasses.
References
For further information on Aploactinidae, consult the following reliable references: