Amblyrhynchotes
Amblyrhynchotes is a clade of marine lizards belonging to the family Iguania, encompassing the unique marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus). This clade is distinguished by its adaptation to a marine environment, with specialized features that allow for foraging in the ocean. These adaptations include a flattened tail, powerful claws for gripping rocks, and salt glands to eliminate excess salt ingested from seawater.
Common Names
The members of Amblyrhynchotes are commonly referred to as marine iguanas, a name that reflects their unique adaptation to a marine lifestyle.
Characteristics
Amblyrhynchotes are characterized by a number of features that distinguish them from their terrestrial relatives. These include:
- Flattened tail: This adaptation helps with swimming and maneuvering in the water.
- Powerful claws: These claws allow them to grip rocks and algae while foraging in the turbulent intertidal zone.
- Salt glands: These specialized glands located near the nostrils allow them to excrete excess salt ingested from seawater.
- Dark coloration: Their dark skin helps absorb heat from the sun, which is essential for thermoregulation in cold water.
Environments
Amblyrhynchotes are found exclusively in the Galapagos Islands, a volcanic archipelago located in the Pacific Ocean. They inhabit rocky shores and intertidal zones, where they feed on algae and other marine vegetation.
References
Molecular Phylogeny of Iguania (Squamata: Iguania) Based on Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genes
Marine Iguana