Amblypneustes
Amblypneustes is a genus of sea urchins belonging to the family Temnopleuridae. These echinoderms are found in various marine habitats, primarily in the Indo-Pacific region. Known as “slate pencil urchins,” they are characterized by their distinctive, somewhat flattened, oval-shaped bodies. The genus comprises several species, each with unique features and adaptations.
Common Names
Members of the genus Amblypneustes are commonly known as "slate pencil urchins" due to their rigid, slate-like test (shell). The specific name "slate pencil urchin" may be used for individual species within the genus, depending on the region and local vernacular.
Characteristics
Amblypneustes sea urchins share several defining characteristics:
- Test (Shell): The test is usually oval-shaped, flattened dorsoventrally, and covered in spines. The surface of the test is typically smooth, giving the appearance of a slate pencil.
- Spines: The spines are relatively short and stout, providing protection from predators and assisting with movement.
- Tube Feet: Amblypneustes have numerous tube feet, which are used for locomotion, feeding, and respiration. These feet are often clustered around the mouth.
- Mouth: The mouth is located on the ventral side and is surrounded by a ring of teeth used for scraping and grinding algae.
- Anus: The anus is positioned on the aboral (opposite) side of the body.
Environment
Amblypneustes species are found in a variety of marine environments, including:
- Coral reefs: Some species prefer the sheltered environment of coral reefs, feeding on algae growing on the coral structure.
- Rocky shores: Others inhabit rocky intertidal zones, adapting to the harsh conditions of wave action and fluctuating salinity.
- Seagrass beds: Several species are found in seagrass beds, where they graze on algae and detritus.
References
WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species
PubMed - National Center for Biotechnology Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom