Parascyllium variolatum is a species of catshark, commonly known as the variable catshark. This species is characterized by its distinctive markings and its relatively small size.
Description & Characteristics
The variable catshark is a relatively small shark, with a maximum recorded size of 91.0 cm. It is distinguished by its slender body, with a head that is slightly flattened dorsoventrally. The dorsal fins are positioned relatively far back on the body, with the first dorsal fin located posterior to the pelvic fins. The variable catshark has a distinctive color pattern, featuring a background color that can range from brown to grey, often with darker brown blotches, or “variola,” scattered across the body. This mottled appearance is the basis for its common name. The underside of the body is white or pale in color.
Habitat and Occurrence
Parascyllium variolatum is a bottom-dwelling shark, typically found in depths ranging from the shallows to 130 meters. They are primarily found in the western Pacific Ocean, specifically in areas off the coast of Australia and New Guinea. Within this geographical range, Parascyllium variolatum is frequently found in the neritic zone, which is the region of the ocean that extends from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf. This area is characterized by relatively shallow depths and a diverse range of marine life.
Taxonomy
Parascyllium variolatum belongs to the Order: Orectolobiformes, which is a group of sharks commonly known as carpet sharks and wobbegongs. These sharks are characterized by their flattened bodies and their tendency to rest on the seafloor. The species belongs to the Family: Parascylliidae, a family of catsharks that includes species like the longfin catshark (Parascyllium colcloughi) and the spotted catshark (Parascyllium ferrugineum). The family Parascylliidae belongs to the Class: Elasmobranchii, a class that includes sharks, rays, and chimaeras.
Feeding
Parascyllium variolatum is a carnivore, primarily feeding on benthic invertebrates, such as crustaceans, mollusks, and worms. Its feeding habits reflect its bottom-dwelling lifestyle, as it uses its strong jaws and sharp teeth to capture prey on the seafloor.
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