Prionotus evolans, commonly known as the flying gurnard, is a species of marine fish belonging to the family Triglidae. This fish is characterized by its unique appearance and intriguing behaviors, making it a fascinating subject of study in marine biology.
Description & Characteristics
Prionotus evolans is a relatively large fish, reaching a maximum size of 45.0 cm. It possesses a distinctive body shape with a flattened head and a slightly compressed body. The fish is adorned with a series of fleshy appendages on its head, resembling “fingers,” which are thought to be sensory organs used for exploring the seafloor. These appendages, along with its large, prominent eyes, give the fish a somewhat comical appearance. The coloration of the flying gurnard varies depending on its environment, but typically ranges from brownish-grey to reddish-brown, with lighter markings and spots. Prionotus evolans has a pair of pectoral fins that are large and fan-shaped, giving them the appearance of wings, which contribute to their common name. These fins are used for maneuvering in the water, and they can even be used to “fly” short distances above the seafloor.
Habitat and Occurrence
Prionotus evolans is a demersal fish, meaning it lives on or near the bottom of the ocean. This species has a wide depth range, typically found between 9.0 and 180.0 meters. It is commonly observed in the neritic zone, which is the area of the ocean extending from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf. The species is prevalent in various marine ecosystems, including sandy and muddy bottoms, coral reefs, and rocky areas. Its wide depth range and adaptability to different environments contribute to its widespread presence.
Taxonomy
The species Prionotus evolans belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Perciformes, and Family: Triglidae. Teleostei, also known as bony fishes, is the largest and most diverse group of fishes, characterized by a bony skeleton and advanced features like a swim bladder. Perciformes is the largest order of vertebrates, encompassing a wide array of fishes, including perches, bass, and groupers. Triglidae is a family of bottom-dwelling fishes known as gurnards, distinguished by their characteristic “fingers” on their head and their large pectoral fins.
Feeding
Prionotus evolans is a carnivorous fish that feeds primarily on invertebrates living on the seafloor. Its diet consists mainly of crustaceans, mollusks, and worms. The fish uses its sensitive appendages and large mouth to locate and capture its prey. Its strong jaws allow it to crush the hard shells of its prey, making it an efficient predator in its benthic environment. The flying gurnard’s feeding habits are an important part of the marine food web, contributing to the balance and diversity of the ecosystem.
Image References