Goniobranchus rufomaculatus, commonly known as the “Red-spotted Chromodorid”, is a striking and vibrantly colored species of sea slug belonging to the family Chromodorididae. These nudibranchs, like many of their relatives, exhibit a fascinating array of colors and patterns, making them a delight to observe in their natural habitat.
Description & Characteristics
Goniobranchus rufomaculatus is characterized by its elongated, oval-shaped body, typically reaching a maximum size of around 50 mm. Its dorsal surface is a vivid yellow, contrasting sharply with numerous, bright red spots that are distributed across its mantle. The mantle, which is the fleshy outer covering of the body, is smooth and glossy, adding to its visual appeal. The rhinophores, the sensory organs located on the head, are club-shaped and tipped with a small, white knob. These rhinophores, along with the oral tentacles, aid the nudibranch in detecting food and navigating its surroundings.
Habitat and Occurrence
Goniobranchus rufomaculatus is commonly found in the Indo-Pacific region, specifically within the tropical and subtropical marine zones. This species is often observed in shallow reef habitats, typically at depths ranging from a few meters down to around 30 meters. Their preference for these environments suggests a strong reliance on the sponges that constitute their primary food source.
Taxonomy
Goniobranchus rufomaculatus is classified within the phylum Mollusca, belonging to the Class: Gastropoda, Order: Nudibranchia, and Family: Chromodorididae. This family encompasses a wide array of colorful and diverse nudibranch species, many of which display similar characteristics and habitat preferences.
Feeding
Goniobranchus rufomaculatus is a specialist feeder, meaning it relies primarily on a single type of food source: sponges. These sea slugs are highly selective in their diet, often targeting specific sponge species. The bright red spots that adorn their mantle serve as a warning to potential predators, indicating the presence of toxins acquired from their sponge prey. These toxins provide the nudibranch with a natural defense mechanism, discouraging any attempts at predation.
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