Mithraculus nodosus, commonly known as the nodose mithrax crab, is a species of crab belonging to the family Mithracidae. These crabs are characterized by their distinctive features, including a spiny carapace and a relatively broad, flattened body.
Description & Characteristics
Mithraculus nodosus has a carapace that can grow up to 25 millimeters in width. The carapace is adorned with numerous prominent nodules, giving the crab its common name. It has a distinctive reddish-brown to purplish color, blending seamlessly with the rocky environments it calls home. The crab’s legs are long and slender, aiding in its movement and foraging activities.
Habitat and Occurrence
Mithraculus nodosus is primarily found in the intertidal zone, inhabiting rocky shores and crevices. They are commonly encountered in the subtidal zone as well, often venturing into depths ranging from 1 to 20 meters. The species exhibits a preference for rocky substrates, and its distribution spans the eastern Pacific Ocean, ranging from California in the United States to the Gulf of California in Mexico. These crabs thrive in a diverse range of marine zones, from the neritic zone, characterized by its proximity to the coast, to the sublittoral zone, which extends beyond the low tide mark and into deeper waters.
Taxonomy
Mithraculus nodosus belongs to the Class: Malacostraca, Order: Decapoda, and Family: Mithracidae. It is a member of the diverse group of decapod crustaceans, which includes lobsters, shrimps, and other crabs. The Mithracidae family encompasses a wide range of crabs, known for their spiny carapaces and varied habitats.
Feeding
Mithraculus nodosus is an omnivorous crab, feeding on a variety of food sources. Its diet consists primarily of algae, detritus, and small invertebrates. The crab’s long, slender legs are well-suited for scavenging and collecting food from crevices and rocky surfaces. They play a vital role in the marine ecosystem, contributing to the breakdown of organic matter and the cycling of nutrients.
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