The Lesser Sandshark, Lesser Guitarfish, scientifically known as Acroteriobatus annulatus, is a fascinating species of ray found in the marine environments of the Indo-Pacific region. This species is recognized for its distinctive appearance and unique adaptations that allow it to thrive in its chosen habitats.
Description & Characteristics
Acroteriobatus annulatus is characterized by a flattened, guitar-shaped body with a broad, rounded head. The snout is short and rounded, with prominent nostrils. The eyes are located on the dorsal surface of the head, and the mouth is situated on the ventral surface. This species exhibits a distinctive pattern of dark spots and blotches on a lighter background, providing camouflage against the seafloor. The dorsal fins are small and rounded, while the pectoral fins are large and triangular. Acroteriobatus annulatus can reach a maximum size of 140 cm in length.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Lesser Sandshark, Lesser Guitarfish, Acroteriobatus annulatus, is commonly found in coastal waters of the Indo-Pacific region. This species prefers sandy and muddy bottoms, often inhabiting depths ranging from the intertidal zone to depths of approximately 100 meters. Their distribution spans a wide geographical area, including the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Red Sea. Their preferred habitat often overlaps with areas designated as “neritic” marine zones, reflecting their close association with coastal ecosystems.
Taxonomy
The species Acroteriobatus annulatus belongs to the Class: Elasmobranchii, Order: Rhinopristiformes, and Family: Rhinobatidae. This classification places it within the broader group of cartilaginous fishes, specifically those characterized by their flattened bodies, gill slits on the ventral surface, and a unique pectoral fin structure.
Feeding
Acroteriobatus annulatus is a carnivorous species that feeds on a variety of benthic organisms. Their diet consists primarily of clams, crustaceans, including edible crabs, small fishes, snails, worms, and zoobenthos. This diverse dietary preference reflects their role as opportunistic predators in the marine ecosystem. Their flattened bodies and wide pectoral fins allow them to effectively search for prey on the seafloor, while their strong jaws enable them to crush and consume hard-shelled organisms.
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