Lagenorhynchus obscurus, also known as the dusky dolphin, is a small, slender dolphin species found primarily in the Southern Hemisphere.
Description & Characteristics
The dusky dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus, has a sleek, streamlined body with a distinctive dark grey to black back and a lighter grey underside. The boundary between these two colourations is generally sharp, forming a clear contrast. The dorsal fin is tall and falcate, with a curved tip, and the flippers are long and narrow. Adults typically reach a length of 1.7 to 2.2 meters, with females generally being slightly smaller than males. Their weight can range from 80 to 120 kilograms.
Habitat and Occurrence
Lagenorhynchus obscurus is a highly pelagic species, meaning it prefers open ocean environments. Its distribution spans a wide range across the Southern Hemisphere, from the waters off South Africa to the coasts of South America, Australia, and New Zealand. These dolphins are most commonly found in the cool, temperate waters of the oceanic zone, specifically in the epipelagic zone, which extends from the surface to a depth of 200 meters. They are often seen near the continental shelves and slopes, particularly in areas with strong currents and upwellings.
Taxonomy
Lagenorhynchus obscurus belongs to the family Delphinidae, which includes other familiar dolphin species like the common dolphin and the bottlenose dolphin. The species is classified within the Order Cetartiodactyla, which encompasses all whales, dolphins, and even hippos. Within the animal kingdom, Lagenorhynchus obscurus falls under the Class Mammalia, which means it is a warm-blooded animal with mammary glands and hair.
Feeding
Lagenorhynchus obscurus feeds primarily on a variety of small fish and squid. Their diet varies depending on location and availability, but commonly includes lanternfish, hake, and cephalopods. These dolphins are known for their impressive agility and speed, enabling them to chase and capture prey in the open ocean. They often hunt in groups, using echolocation to locate their targets, and can dive to depths exceeding 200 meters.
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