Gorgonocephalus eucnemis, also known as the “basket star”, is a species of brittle star belonging to the family Gorgonocephalidae. These fascinating creatures are characterized by their unique, branching arms that resemble a basket, hence their common name. Gorgonocephalus eucnemis is a widespread species found in various marine environments, playing a vital role in the delicate balance of these ecosystems.
Description & Characteristics
Gorgonocephalus eucnemis is easily recognizable by its intricate branching arms. These arms, which can number in the hundreds, are covered in tiny, hair-like appendages called cirri. The cirri help the brittle star to cling to the seafloor, allowing it to remain stationary in strong currents. The arms can extend outwards to a remarkable length, reaching up to 1 meter in diameter. Gorgonocephalus eucnemis has a central disc, which is the body of the brittle star, that can be up to 10 cm in diameter.
Habitat and Occurrence
Gorgonocephalus eucnemis is a deep-sea species, typically inhabiting the bathyal and abyssal zones. This means that they are found at depths ranging from 200 to 6,000 meters. The distribution of Gorgonocephalus eucnemis is widespread, with populations occurring in the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Southern Ocean. They are often found in areas where there are strong currents, as these currents help to bring food to them. This preference for deep, current-swept environments is a key factor in their distribution and occurrence.
Taxonomy
Gorgonocephalus eucnemis belongs to the Class: Ophiuroidea, Order: Euryalida, and Family: Gorgonocephalidae. The Ophiuroidea class encompasses all brittle stars, which are characterized by their distinct five-armed bodies. Within this class, the Euryalida order includes brittle stars with branching arms, such as the Gorgonocephalus eucnemis. This species is further classified within the Gorgonocephalidae family, which consists of other basket star species.
Feeding
Gorgonocephalus eucnemis is a carnivore, feeding mainly on small plankton and other invertebrates that are carried to them by currents. They utilize their branched arms, covered in cirri, to capture food particles. As currents flow through their outstretched arms, the cirri entrap passing plankton and other small organisms. Once trapped, the food is transported to the brittle star’s mouth, located at the center of its disc.
Image References