Goniocidaris corona is a species of sea urchin belonging to the family Cidaridae. It is commonly known as the “crown sea urchin” and is a distinctive member of the Cidaroida order. This species is characterized by its striking appearance and unique features, making it an intriguing subject of study in marine biology.
Description & Characteristics
Goniocidaris corona is a medium-sized sea urchin, typically reaching a maximum diameter of 10 cm. Its most prominent feature is its large, prominent primary spines, which are thick, robust, and often have a distinctive crown-like arrangement. These spines can grow up to 5 cm in length and are usually black or dark brown in color, contributing to the species’ common name. The interradial spines are smaller and more numerous, forming a dense covering over the test. The test itself is usually dark brown or black, with a rough, granular surface.
Habitat and Occurrence
Goniocidaris corona is a common inhabitant of the Indo-Pacific region, ranging from the Red Sea and East Africa to the Pacific islands. It prefers rocky reefs and coral reefs, often found in depths ranging from 1 to 50 meters. This makes it a characteristic inhabitant of the neritic zone, the marine environment extending from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf. Goniocidaris corona is particularly abundant in shallow, clear waters, where it can readily access its food sources.
Taxonomy
Goniocidaris corona belongs to the class Echinoidea, which encompasses all sea urchins. It is further classified within the order Cidaroida, a group of sea urchins known for their long, prominent spines. The species is placed in the family Cidaridae, a family that includes several other species of sea urchins with similar characteristics.
Feeding
Goniocidaris corona is primarily a herbivore, feeding on algae and other plant matter found on the reefs. It uses its sharp teeth to scrape algae off rocks and coral, contributing to the overall health of the reef ecosystem.
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