Anthopleura anneae is a species of sea anemone belonging to the family Actiniidae. It is a relatively common inhabitant of rocky intertidal zones and is known for its vibrant coloration and unique morphology.
Description & Characteristics
Anthopleura anneae, also known as the “Anne’s Anthopleura”, is a small to medium-sized sea anemone that can reach a maximum size of about 5 centimeters in diameter. Its body is cylindrical and typically features a striking combination of bright orange, red, or pink colors. The column, the main body of the anemone, is often covered in small, raised bumps or warts. Its oral disc, the uppermost part of the body surrounding the mouth, is usually a vibrant orange color and has a distinctive pattern of radiating ridges. This species has numerous short tentacles that are arranged in several rows around the oral disc.
Habitat and Occurrence
Anthopleura anneae is found in a variety of marine habitats along the west coast of North America, from Alaska to California. It is typically found in the intertidal zone, where it can withstand the fluctuating conditions of exposure to air and water. This species can be found in rocky crevices, tide pools, and on exposed rock surfaces. It is particularly prevalent in the lower intertidal zone, where it is regularly submerged by the tide.
Taxonomy
Anthopleura anneae is classified within the phylum Cnidaria, which encompasses a diverse group of aquatic invertebrates that includes jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones. This species belongs to the Class Hexacorallia, which comprises sea anemones and corals with a six-fold symmetry in their body structure. It is further classified within the Order Actiniaria, which specifically encompasses sea anemones. Finally, it is placed in the Family Actiniidae, a large family of sea anemones known for their diverse forms and adaptations.
Feeding
Anthopleura anneae, like other sea anemones, is a carnivorous predator that feeds on a variety of small invertebrates, including crustaceans, worms, and other small animals. It captures its prey using its stinging tentacles, which are armed with specialized cells called nematocysts. These nematocysts contain a toxin that paralyzes the prey, allowing the anemone to easily ingest it.
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