Anilocra acuta is a species of parasitic isopod crustacean belonging to the family Cymothoidae. This species, commonly known as a fish louse, is a marine parasite found in various parts of the world.
Description & Characteristics
Anilocra acuta is characterized by its flattened, elongated body, typically reaching a maximum length of 25 millimeters. Its body is covered in a hard, chitinous exoskeleton, providing protection and a rigid structure. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with females generally larger than males. Like other isopods, Anilocra acuta possesses seven pairs of legs, with the first pair modified into powerful, hooked claws used for attaching to the host.
Habitat and Occurrence
Anilocra acuta is a marine parasite that primarily inhabits the coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Mediterranean Sea. It is commonly found in the intertidal zone and shallow subtidal areas, often clinging to the bodies of its host fish. As a stenohaline organism, Anilocra acuta is restricted to saltwater environments. Its distribution encompasses various marine zones, including the neritic zone and the epipelagic zone. The species is particularly prevalent in areas with high fish diversity and abundance, further reinforcing its importance in marine ecosystems.
Taxonomy
Anilocra acuta belongs to the Class Malacostraca, which includes a wide array of crustaceans, and the Order Isopoda, a group characterized by flattened bodies and a segmented exoskeleton. Anilocra acuta is part of the Family Cymothoidae, commonly known as fish lice, which consists of several parasitic isopods that attach to and feed on the blood of fish. This parasitic lifestyle is a defining feature of this family.
Feeding
Anilocra acuta is an ectoparasite that feeds on the blood of its host fish. It attaches to the host, typically on the gills, fins, or body, using its strong claws. The parasite then uses its mouthparts to pierce the host’s flesh and access blood vessels. Anilocra acuta can cause significant damage to the host, leading to anemia, tissue damage, and even death.
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