Alcithoe fissurata is a species of marine snail, a predatory gastropod mollusk in the family Volutidae. This species is commonly known as the “Fissured Volutine” due to its characteristic shell morphology.
Description & Characteristics
Alcithoe fissurata possesses a distinctive, large, and heavy shell. The shell exhibits a fusiform (spindle-shaped) form, with a pointed apex and a wide, open aperture. It is generally characterized by a series of prominent, longitudinal ribs that run the length of the shell. The color of the shell is typically a creamy white or pale brown, often with darker brown patches or bands. The shell’s surface exhibits a glossy, smooth texture. The maximum size of this species can reach approximately 150 mm (5.9 inches) in length.
Habitat and Occurrence
Alcithoe fissurata is an inhabitant of the coastal waters of New Zealand. They are found primarily in the shallow subtidal zone, typically occurring in depths ranging from 10 to 50 meters (33 to 164 feet). This species prefers to reside in sandy or muddy bottoms, often in association with kelp forests. The distribution of Alcithoe fissurata is largely confined to the temperate waters of the South Island of New Zealand, making it a significant component of the marine biodiversity in this region.
Taxonomy
Alcithoe fissurata belongs to the large and diverse class of Gastropoda, which includes snails, slugs, and other related organisms. This class falls under the phylum Mollusca, a group characterized by soft bodies often protected by hard shells. Within Gastropoda, Alcithoe fissurata belongs to the order Neogastropoda, a diverse group of predatory sea snails. Finally, Alcithoe fissurata is part of the Volutidae family, which encompasses various species of large, heavy-shelled snails known for their distinctive spiral patterns and colorful markings.
Feeding
Alcithoe fissurata is a carnivorous species, primarily feeding on other marine invertebrates, particularly polychaetes (segmented worms). Its predatory nature is facilitated by a specialized, muscular proboscis that it uses to capture and consume its prey. The proboscis is an elongated, flexible structure that can be extended from the mouth, allowing Alcithoe fissurata to reach into crevices and burrows to locate its prey. Once captured, the prey is drawn into the mouth and broken down by powerful radula, a ribbon-like structure equipped with rows of sharp teeth. This feeding strategy plays an important role in the ecological balance of the marine environment, contributing to the regulation of populations of benthic invertebrates.
Image References