Acipenser naccarii, also known as the Adriatic sturgeon, is a critically endangered species of fish in the sturgeon family Acipenseridae. Native to the Adriatic Sea, this species has faced significant population decline due to overfishing, habitat degradation, and dam construction.
Description & Characteristics
Acipenser naccarii is a large fish, with a maximum recorded size of 200.0 cm. The body is elongated and fusiform, with a distinctive pointed snout. The dorsal surface is typically gray to olive-brown, while the ventral surface is lighter, often with a yellowish hue. The body is covered in bony plates known as scutes, which are arranged in rows along the back, sides, and belly.
Habitat and Occurrence
Acipenser naccarii is a demersal species, inhabiting the bottom of the Adriatic Sea. Its depth range is typically between 10.0 and 40.0 meters. This sturgeon is known to prefer areas with sandy or muddy substrates, often near river mouths and estuaries. The species is considered to be a marine fish, residing in the neritic zone of the Adriatic Sea. This zone extends from the coastline to the edge of the continental shelf, encompassing a range of habitats where Acipenser naccarii thrives.
Taxonomy
Acipenser naccarii belongs to the Class: Chondrostei, Order: Acipenseriformes, and Family: Acipenseridae. This classification places it among the most ancient groups of bony fish, with a lineage dating back millions of years. Chondrostei are characterized by their cartilaginous skeletons, while Acipenseriformes are known for their long, slender bodies and distinctive scutes. The family Acipenseridae, which includes all sturgeon species, is notable for its members’ ancient ancestry and ecological importance.
Feeding
Acipenser naccarii is a benthic feeder, primarily consuming invertebrates such as worms, mollusks, and crustaceans. Its long, pointed snout helps it to probe the sediment and extract its prey. The species is also known to occasionally feed on small fish.
Image References