Actinopyga miliaris, commonly known as the “warty sea cucumber”, is a species of sea cucumber belonging to the family Holothuriidae. These fascinating creatures are found in a variety of marine habitats, contributing to the balance of the underwater ecosystem.
Description & Characteristics
Actinopyga miliaris exhibits a cylindrical body, typically reaching a maximum length of 30 cm. Its body surface is characterized by prominent, warty tubercles, giving it a distinctive appearance. These tubercles are scattered across its body, contributing to its common name. The color of Actinopyga miliaris can vary, ranging from reddish-brown to grayish-brown. The species has a distinct oral opening at one end, surrounded by tentacles used for feeding.
Habitat and Occurrence
Actinopyga miliaris is a common sight in tropical and subtropical waters. Its distribution extends across the Indo-Pacific region, inhabiting a range of marine environments. These sea cucumbers are often found in shallow, rocky reefs, coral reefs, and sandy bottoms. They are particularly abundant in the intertidal zone, where they tolerate fluctuations in water levels and temperature. Actinopyga miliaris is a benthic species, meaning it lives at the bottom of the ocean floor, playing a vital role in the sediment and nutrient cycle.
Taxonomy
Actinopyga miliaris belongs to the Class: Holothuroidea, Order: Holothuriida, and Family: Holothuriidae. This classification reflects its shared characteristics with other sea cucumbers, including its elongated, worm-like body, and its ability to eviscerate its internal organs as a defense mechanism.
Feeding
Actinopyga miliaris is a deposit feeder, meaning it consumes organic matter from the sediment. It uses its tentacles to gather food particles, transporting them to its mouth for ingestion. The food consists primarily of detritus, algae, and small invertebrates. This feeding behavior plays a vital role in nutrient recycling and the overall health of the marine ecosystem.
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