Geography

Zimbabwe covers a land area of approximately 390,757 square kilometers (150,872 sq mi). The country is bordered by Zambia to the north, Mozambique to the east, South Africa to the south, and Botswana to the west. Its terrain is characterized by a high central plateau, dissected by the Zambezi River in the north and the Limpopo River in the south. The eastern highlands are home to the Inyangani, Zimbabwe's highest peak at 2,592 meters (8,504 ft). The country's diverse geography also includes vast savannas, rolling hills, and the iconic Victoria Falls, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Population

Zimbabwe has a population of approximately 15.2 million people, with most of the population concentrated in the eastern and southern regions. The majority of Zimbabweans are of Shona and Ndebele ethnicity, with a smaller population of minorities. English is the official language, although Shona and Ndebele are widely spoken. The country is home to a diverse array of cultures and traditions, evident in its vibrant arts, music, and crafts.

Culture

Zimbabwean culture is rich and diverse, shaped by its history, traditions, and beliefs. The country's artistic expressions are particularly notable. The Shona people are renowned for their stone sculptures, which depict a wide range of subjects, from animals and humans to abstract forms. Zimbabwe is also known for its vibrant music scene, featuring a blend of traditional and contemporary styles. The country's cultural heritage is further enriched by its traditional dances, storytelling, and rituals, passed down through generations.

Economy

Zimbabwe's economy is based on agriculture, mining, tourism, and manufacturing. The country possesses significant deposits of gold, platinum, diamonds, and other minerals. Agriculture plays a vital role, with the production of tobacco, cotton, maize, and other crops. Tourism is a growing sector, with the country's natural beauty and historical sites attracting visitors from around the world. However, Zimbabwe has faced economic challenges in recent decades, including hyperinflation and political instability. The government is working to diversify the economy and promote economic growth.

History

Zimbabwe has a long and fascinating history. The country is named after the ancient ruins of Great Zimbabwe, a stone city built by the ancestors of the Shona people during the 11th to 15th centuries. The arrival of European colonizers in the 19th century led to the establishment of British Southern Rhodesia, which gained independence in 1980 as Zimbabwe. The country's post-independence period has been marked by political and economic instability, but also by periods of progress and growth. Zimbabwe's history is rich and complex, reflecting the struggles and triumphs of its people.

Major Landmarks

Zimbabwe is home to several prominent landmarks, both natural and man-made.

• Victoria Falls: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, Victoria Falls is one of the most spectacular waterfalls in the world. The falls are located on the Zambezi River, marking the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe. Tourists can view the falls from various vantage points, including the "Devil's Pool," a natural pool on the edge of the falls.
• Great Zimbabwe: The ruins of Great Zimbabwe are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a testament to the architectural skills of the ancient Shona people. The site consists of stone walls and buildings that date back to the 11th to 15th centuries. Visitors can explore the ruins and learn about the history and culture of the Shona people.
• Matobo National Park: Matobo National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that features granite hills, caves, and rock formations. The park is home to a variety of wildlife, including elephants, lions, leopards, and black rhinos. Visitors can explore the park on foot, by vehicle, or on horseback.
• Hwange National Park: Hwange National Park is Zimbabwe's largest national park, known for its abundant wildlife. The park is home to over 100 mammal species, including elephants, lions, leopards, and cheetahs. Visitors can take game drives, go bird watching, or enjoy a variety of other activities.
• Lake Kariba: Lake Kariba is a man-made lake created by the Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River. The lake is a popular destination for fishing, boating, and watersports. Visitors can also enjoy the beautiful scenery of the surrounding area.