Geography

Zanzibar's two main islands, Unguja and Pemba, are characterized by their diverse landscapes. Unguja, the larger of the two, boasts white-sand beaches, coral reefs, and lush green forests. Pemba, on the other hand, is known for its mountainous terrain and dense rainforests. The islands are also home to a variety of wildlife, including monkeys, birds, and marine life.

Population

As of 2022, the population of Zanzibar is estimated to be around 1.6 million people. The majority of the population is of Swahili origin, with significant Arab, Indian, and Persian influences. The islands have a vibrant and diverse culture, blending African, Arab, and Indian traditions.

Culture

Zanzibar's rich cultural heritage is evident in its music, dance, art, and cuisine. Traditional music often features drums, xylophones, and the unique "Tarabu" style, a blend of Arabic and Swahili influences. The islands are also renowned for their intricate wood carvings, vibrant textiles, and delicious seafood dishes.

Economy

Tourism is the mainstay of Zanzibar's economy, contributing significantly to its GDP. The archipelago's pristine beaches, coral reefs, and cultural attractions draw visitors from around the world. Other important sectors include agriculture, fishing, and spice production. Zanzibar is famous for its spices, particularly cloves, nutmeg, and cinnamon, which are exported globally.

History

Zanzibar has a long and fascinating history, marked by trade, colonization, and revolution. Early inhabitants were Bantu tribes, who were later joined by Arab traders and settlers. In the 16th century, the islands became a major center for the slave trade under Omani rule. Zanzibar's independence from the Sultanate of Oman came in 1963, followed by a revolution in 1964 that led to the establishment of the Zanzibar Revolution Government.

Major Landmarks

Zanzibar offers a variety of attractions for visitors. Here are some of its most notable landmarks:

• Stone Town: A UNESCO World Heritage site, Stone Town is a labyrinth of narrow streets, historic buildings, and bustling markets. It is home to the iconic House of Wonders, the Old Fort, and the Anglican Cathedral.
• Nungwi Beach: A renowned beach on the northern tip of Unguja, known for its pristine sands, clear waters, and vibrant nightlife.
• Jozani Forest: A protected area on Unguja, home to the endangered Zanzibar Red Colobus monkey, as well as a variety of other wildlife.
• Prison Island: A small island off the coast of Zanzibar, once used as a prison for slaves, now home to giant tortoises.