Geography

Monaco is situated on a narrow coastal strip, with a total area of just 2.02 square kilometers (0.78 sq mi), making it the second-smallest country in the world after Vatican City. It is divided into ten wards: Monaco-Ville (the old town), Monte Carlo, La Condamine, Fontvieille, La Colle, Moneghetti, Saint Roman, Larvotto, Les Révoires, and the Stade Louis II. The city-state has a Mediterranean climate with warm, sunny summers and mild, wet winters.

Population

Monaco has a population of approximately 39,000, with a population density of about 19,300 people per square kilometer. Due to its small size and lack of natural resources, Monaco relies heavily on immigration. Its residents come from a wide variety of nationalities, with French, Italian, and Monegasque being the most prevalent.

Culture

Monaco is known for its rich culture, influenced by French, Italian, and Monegasque traditions. The city-state is home to numerous museums, theaters, and art galleries. The Monte Carlo Opera House is a prestigious venue for opera, ballet, and concerts. Monaco also hosts several festivals and events throughout the year, including the Monte Carlo Rally, the Formula One Monaco Grand Prix, and the Monte Carlo Rolex Masters tennis tournament.

Economy

Monaco's economy is heavily reliant on tourism, banking, and real estate. The city-state is a major international financial center and a popular destination for wealthy tourists. Monaco has a favorable tax system that attracts high-net-worth individuals and corporations. Gaming is also a significant part of the economy, with the famous Monte Carlo Casino drawing visitors from around the world.

History

Monaco's history dates back to the 13th century, when the Genoese Grimaldi family established a stronghold on the rocky peninsula. Over the centuries, Monaco has experienced periods of prosperity and conflict, including a brief occupation by France in the 18th century. In the 19th century, Monaco became a principality, ruled by the House of Grimaldi. Today, Monaco is a constitutional monarchy, with Prince Albert II as its head of state.

Major Landmarks

Monaco is renowned for its stunning landmarks, including:

• The Prince's Palace: The official residence of the reigning monarch, overlooking Monaco-Ville.
• Monte Carlo Casino: A world-famous gambling destination, known for its luxurious architecture and opulent interiors.
• The Oceanographic Museum: A renowned marine science museum, with a vast collection of aquatic life and an impressive aquarium.
• The Cathedral of Monaco: A Roman Catholic cathedral, built in the 19th century, and the final resting place of some of the Grimaldi family members.
• The Japanese Garden: A serene oasis of tranquility, featuring traditional Japanese landscaping, a pond, and a waterfall.