Geography

Guam is a volcanic island with a total land area of 212 square miles (549 sq km). It is roughly 30 miles (48 km) long and 4 to 12 miles (6 to 19 km) wide. The island is characterized by its rugged limestone plateau in the north and a central mountain range that rises to a height of 1,332 feet (406 m) at Mount Lamlam, the highest point on the island. The southern part of the island is dominated by a narrow coastal plain.

Population

As of 2020, the population of Guam was estimated at 168,777. The majority of the population is Chamorro, the indigenous people of the island. Other significant ethnic groups include Filipino, Korean, and Japanese. Guam has a diverse culture that reflects its history as a crossroads of various cultures. The official language is English, but Chamorro and Filipino are also widely spoken.

Culture

Guam's culture is a unique blend of indigenous Chamorro traditions and influences from its history of Spanish and American rule. Chamorro traditions are preserved in language, music, dance, and cuisine. The island is known for its vibrant festivals, such as the Festival of the Pacific Arts, which showcases the arts and culture of the Pacific region. Guam is also home to a number of historical sites that offer insights into its past.

Economy

Guam's economy is driven by tourism, military spending, and government services. The island is a popular destination for tourists from Asia and the United States, drawn to its beaches, shopping, and cultural attractions. The U.S. military presence on Guam is a major economic driver, employing a large number of people and contributing significantly to the island's economy.

History

Guam was first inhabited by the Chamorro people, who arrived from Southeast Asia thousands of years ago. The island was discovered by Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 and was subsequently colonized by Spain. In 1898, Spain ceded Guam to the United States following the Spanish-American War. During World War II, Guam was occupied by Japan, but it was liberated by the U.S. in 1944. Following the war, Guam became a U.S. territory and has been governed by the U.S. ever since.

Major Landmarks

Guam is home to a number of popular tourist attractions, including:

• Two Lovers Point: A scenic clifftop overlooking the Pacific Ocean, where according to legend, two lovers jumped to their deaths to avoid being separated by warring tribes.
• Fort Santa Agueda: A historic Spanish fort located in the city of Hagåtña, the capital of Guam. It offers views of the harbor and is a popular spot for history buffs.
• Guam War Memorial: A monument commemorating the sacrifices of Guam's veterans during World War II. The memorial includes a museum and a walking trail with exhibits detailing the island's wartime history.
• Ipan Beach Park: A beautiful white sand beach located in the west coast of the island. It is a popular spot for swimming, snorkeling, and sunbathing.
• Talofofo Falls: A stunning waterfall located in the southern part of the island. It is a popular spot for hiking and picnicking.